Surgical Planning Laboratory - Brigham & Women's Hospital - Boston, Massachusetts USA - a teaching affiliate of Harvard Medical School

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Figure 3: Corresponding axial slices of the synthetic data used for the simulations. (a) A T1 MR-image (256 × 256 × 88) with 1.0 × 1.0 × 2.0 mm3 spacing acquired prior to neurosurgery with intensities in the range [0, 1]. (b) Using a B-spline deformation model, a brain-shift of about 12 mm was simulated together with global sinusoidal components with magnitude of 6 mm and 4 mm in the x- and y-components as explained in the text. The resulting ground-truth deformation field was applied to (a) to create the synthetic “intra-operative” image in (b). (c) A 4 × 4 checkerboard pattern of the images in (a) and (b). (d) A 3D view of the corresponding FE-mesh consisting of V = 317 vertices and E = 1177 tetrahedra. The blue color indicates that the element surface is on the boundary of the mesh, while red indicates that the surface is shared between two elements.
Figure 3: Corresponding axial slices of the synthetic data used for the simulations. (a) A T1 MR-image (256 × 256 × 88) with 1.0 × 1.0 × 2.0 mm3 spacing acquired prior to neurosurgery with intensities in the range [0, 1]. (b) Using a B-spline deformation model, a brain-shift of about 12 mm was simulated together with global sinusoidal components with magnitude of 6 mm and 4 mm in the x- and y-components as explained in the text. The resulting ground-truth deformation field was applied to (a) to create the synthetic “intra-operative” image in (b). (c) A 4 × 4 checkerboard pattern of the images in (a) and (b). (d) A 3D view of the corresponding FE-mesh consisting of V = 317 vertices and E = 1177 tetrahedra. The blue color indicates that the element surface is on the boundary of the mesh, while red indicates that the surface is shared between two elements.
Figure 4: Principle of sampling the nodes for the graph (see text for a detailed description).
Figure 4: Principle of sampling the nodes for the graph (see text for a detailed description).
Figure 5: Dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging of prostate cancer. The following images are from a 61-year-old man diagnosed with PSA 4.1, Gleason 4+4=8, T2cN0M0 prostate cancer. a: An axial T2-weighted image of the prostate with an unsuspicious, high signal intensity region of PZ prostate (outlined in green). b: An axial T2-weighted image of the prostate at a different level with a focal region of hypointense signal in the PZ suspicious for prostate cancer (outlined in red). c: A Ktrans (forward volume transfer constant) map at the same level as the unsuspicious region in (a), showing low enhancement (blue indicates low enhancement) in the ROI. d: In contrast, a Ktrans map for the same level as the suspicious region in (b) reveals focal enhancement (yellow and red indicate higher levels of enhancement). e: A ve (the fraction of extracellular extravascular space) map for the unsuspicious region, indicating no increased fraction relative to the rest of the prostate. f: The ve map for the suspicious region in (b) shows lower signal (light blue) in the ROI compared to the background prostate gland, as expected in prostate cancer. g: Kinetic curves of gadolinium concentration versus time for the normal (green) and tumor (red) regions of interest. Overall, the region suspicious for tumor demonstrates lower signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging, higher Ktrans, lower ve, and greater enhancement (higher maximum concentration of contrast reached, as seen in the kinetic curves) as compared to the normal region of interest.
Figure 5: Dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging of prostate cancer. The following images are from a 61-year-old man diagnosed with PSA 4.1, Gleason 4+4=8, T2cN0M0 prostate cancer. a: An axial T2-weighted image of the prostate with an unsuspicious, high signal intensity region of PZ prostate (outlined in green). b: An axial T2-weighted image of the prostate at a different level with a focal region of hypointense signal in the PZ suspicious for prostate cancer (outlined in red). c: A Ktrans (forward volume transfer constant) map at the same level as the unsuspicious region in (a), showing low enhancement (blue indicates low enhancement) in the ROI. d: In contrast, a Ktrans map for the same level as the suspicious region in (b) reveals focal enhancement (yellow and red indicate higher levels of enhancement). e: A ve (the fraction of extracellular extravascular space) map for the unsuspicious region, indicating no increased fraction relative to the rest of the prostate. f: The ve map for the suspicious region in (b) shows lower signal (light blue) in the ROI compared to the background prostate gland, as expected in prostate cancer. g: Kinetic curves of gadolinium concentration versus time for the normal (green) and tumor (red) regions of interest. Overall, the region suspicious for tumor demonstrates lower signal intensity on T2-weighted imaging, higher Ktrans, lower ve, and greater enhancement (higher maximum concentration of contrast reached, as seen in the kinetic curves) as compared to the normal region of interest.
Figure 6: Examples of model-subject correspondences in CT volumes. Each image consists of axial (upper) and sagittal (lower) volume slices. White circles illustrate the location and scale of features in the ACRIN model image (left) and in the new subject image (right), arrows indicate corresponding features.
Figure 6: Examples of model-subject correspondences in CT volumes. Each image consists of axial (upper) and sagittal (lower) volume slices. White circles illustrate the location and scale of features in the ACRIN model image (left) and in the new subject image (right), arrows indicate corresponding features.
Figure: Snapshot of the 2012 SPL Brain Atlas
Figure: Snapshot of the 2012 SPL Brain Atlas
Figure 1: Result of Grow Cut Segmentation of the choroid plexus (purple) and cerebrum (white) of fetal brain at 14 weeks of gestation
Figure 1: Result of Grow Cut Segmentation of the choroid plexus (purple) and cerebrum (white) of fetal brain at 14 weeks of gestation
Figure 5: Photograph of MRI compatibility study (SNR test) set-up, using a phantom in GE Excite HD scanner (GE Healthcare).
Figure 5: Photograph of MRI compatibility study (SNR test) set-up, using a phantom in GE Excite HD scanner (GE Healthcare).
Figure 5: Slicer interface with the Editor on the left side and a loaded glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) data set on the right side: axial slice (upper left window), sagittal slice (lower left window), coronal slice (lower right window) and the three slices shown in a 3D visualization (upper right window).
Figure 5: Slicer interface with the Editor on the left side and a loaded glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) data set on the right side: axial slice (upper left window), sagittal slice (lower left window), coronal slice (lower right window) and the three slices shown in a 3D visualization (upper right window).
Figure 3: Correlations in the cannabis-using schizophrenia group (SZ + THC) between hippocampal shape and positive symptoms (SAPS score; top) and negative symptoms (SANS score; bottom), with left hippocampus on the left and right hippocampus on the right, displaying superior and inferior views. Raw p-value maps and Spearman's rho-value maps are shown. The significance of these correlations did not survive FDR correction (FDR-corrected p-value maps not shown).
Figure 3: Correlations in the cannabis-using schizophrenia group (SZ + THC) between hippocampal shape and positive symptoms (SAPS score; top) and negative symptoms (SANS score; bottom), with left hippocampus on the left and right hippocampus on the right, displaying superior and inferior views. Raw p-value maps and Spearman's rho-value maps are shown. The significance of these correlations did not survive FDR correction (FDR-corrected p-value maps not shown).
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