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Figure 1: Hippocampal surface maps showing baseline structural differences between first-episode psychosis patients and controls. Hippocampal surface generation of baseline scans was done by high-dimensional brain mapping (HDBM-LD) from a neuroanatomical template (see Materials and Methods). Groups were compared at each of 13,222 corresponding vertices on the hippocampal surface. Top row: structural differences are shown using a continuous color-coded scale. Purple/blue shading denotes regions of inward surface displacement (i.e., surface contraction) in first-episode psychosis patients compared to controls. Red/orange shading denotes regions of outward displacement (i.e., surface expansion). Bottom row: structural differences shown using a color-coded scale thresholded at statistical significance. Purple regions show statistically significant (p < 0.05) inward displacement in psychotic patients compared to controls. Red regions show statistically significant (p  < 0.05) outward displacement in psychotic patients compared to controls. Green regions indicate statistically similar group values. Surface vertex differences are thresholded at a false discovery rate (FDR) of 5% (i.e., q = 0.05) applied to Mann–Whitney U test based p-values.
Figure 1: Hippocampal surface maps showing baseline structural differences between first-episode psychosis patients and controls. Hippocampal surface generation of baseline scans was done by high-dimensional brain mapping (HDBM-LD) from a neuroanatomical template (see Materials and Methods). Groups were compared at each of 13,222 corresponding vertices on the hippocampal surface. Top row: structural differences are shown using a continuous color-coded scale. Purple/blue shading denotes regions of inward surface displacement (i.e., surface contraction) in first-episode psychosis patients compared to controls. Red/orange shading denotes regions of outward displacement (i.e., surface expansion). Bottom row: structural differences shown using a color-coded scale thresholded at statistical significance. Purple regions show statistically significant (p < 0.05) inward displacement in psychotic patients compared to controls. Red regions show statistically significant (p  < 0.05) outward displacement in psychotic patients compared to controls. Green regions indicate statistically similar group values. Surface vertex differences are thresholded at a false discovery rate (FDR) of 5% (i.e., q = 0.05) applied to Mann–Whitney U test based p-values.
Figure 2: The photograph shows an overview of the 4-DOF MRI-compatible pneumatic needle placement robot and the agar phantom placed on the patient table of the MRI scanner. The phantom was removed from the scanner during the needle placement in the experiment.
Figure 2: The photograph shows an overview of the 4-DOF MRI-compatible pneumatic needle placement robot and the agar phantom placed on the patient table of the MRI scanner. The phantom was removed from the scanner during the needle placement in the experiment.
Snapshot of the 2012 SPL Head and Neck Atlas
Snapshot of the 2012 SPL Head and Neck Atlas
Figure 2: Results from the evaluation using the optimal temperature (τ<sup>∗</sup> = 180). Coronal slices of the marginal posterior probability p(∂P<sup>mr</sup><sub>us</sub>| φ, θ) of ∂P<sup>mr</sup><sub>us</sub> crossing a ray, with spherical coordinates φ and θ, originating from the prostate center. The ground truth boundary of the prostate ∂P'<sub>us</sub> is overlaid as a black contour. The area below the horizontal line delineates A<sub>us</sub>.
Figure 2: Results from the evaluation using the optimal temperature (τ∗ = 180). Coronal slices of the marginal posterior probability p(∂Pmrus| φ, θ) of ∂Pmrus crossing a ray, with spherical coordinates φ and θ, originating from the prostate center. The ground truth boundary of the prostate ∂P'us is overlaid as a black contour. The area below the horizontal line delineates Aus.
Figure 1: Top: distribution p(fi , A) for the 20 most significant age-related features over 10 age categories. Below: visual examples of features (white circles) in subject image slices over age. Pairs (4, 8) and (1,19) represent symmetric white matter patterns appearing at slightly different onsets. (7) and (9) represent distinct modes cerebellar anatomy linked with vermian development and occurring exclusively in early life. (13) occurs in the brain stem across the age range, more frequently in early life. Note the lack of visible white matter under 100 days, e.g. corpus callosum.
Figure 1: Top: distribution p(fi , A) for the 20 most significant age-related features over 10 age categories. Below: visual examples of features (white circles) in subject image slices over age. Pairs (4, 8) and (1,19) represent symmetric white matter patterns appearing at slightly different onsets. (7) and (9) represent distinct modes cerebellar anatomy linked with vermian development and occurring exclusively in early life. (13) occurs in the brain stem across the age range, more frequently in early life. Note the lack of visible white matter under 100 days, e.g. corpus callosum.
Figure 1: Registration results for patients 2 (top row) and 5 (bottom row). Images on the left (a,c) show an intra-procedural axial T2W image, images on the right (b,d) show the same slice of the registered preprocedure T2W MRI. Yellow contour corresponds to the outline of the prostate gland segmented in the diagnostic image and warped to the intra-procedural image space by means of registration. Images for Patient 2 show brachytherapy seeds artifacts, as the patient previously underwent radiation therapy.
Figure 1: Registration results for patients 2 (top row) and 5 (bottom row). Images on the left (a,c) show an intra-procedural axial T2W image, images on the right (b,d) show the same slice of the registered preprocedure T2W MRI. Yellow contour corresponds to the outline of the prostate gland segmented in the diagnostic image and warped to the intra-procedural image space by means of registration. Images for Patient 2 show brachytherapy seeds artifacts, as the patient previously underwent radiation therapy.
Figure 4: Segmentation of lesions in both acute and chronic images and visualization of the deformation field via the Jacobian determinant. (a) 3D lesion segmentation of acute images, blue color indicates edema, brown color indicates bleeding, and the transparent color indicates white matter. (b) 3D lesion segmentation of chronic images, purple color indicates necrosis, and the transparent color indicates white matter. (c) Visualization of the deformation field via the determinant of the Jacobian, red color indicates tissue compression, green color indicates no change, blue color indicates tissue expansion. (d) Axial view of lesion segmentation of acute images. (e) Axial view of lesion segmentation of chronic images. (f) Axial view of visualization of the deformation field via the determinant of the Jacobian matrix.
Figure 4: Segmentation of lesions in both acute and chronic images and visualization of the deformation field via the Jacobian determinant. (a) 3D lesion segmentation of acute images, blue color indicates edema, brown color indicates bleeding, and the transparent color indicates white matter. (b) 3D lesion segmentation of chronic images, purple color indicates necrosis, and the transparent color indicates white matter. (c) Visualization of the deformation field via the determinant of the Jacobian, red color indicates tissue compression, green color indicates no change, blue color indicates tissue expansion. (d) Axial view of lesion segmentation of acute images. (e) Axial view of lesion segmentation of chronic images. (f) Axial view of visualization of the deformation field via the determinant of the Jacobian matrix.
Figure 2: Results of multi-scale registration of randomly transformed synthetic brain (n=10) dataset (inferior view). Each subject is shown in a different color. The output brains are shown after each registration scale (σ), demonstrating successful coarse-to-fine registration. The output brains appear slightly “rotated” relative to standard AC-PC orientation due to some mean component of the initial random transforms.
Figure 2: Results of multi-scale registration of randomly transformed synthetic brain (n=10) dataset (inferior view). Each subject is shown in a different color. The output brains are shown after each registration scale (σ), demonstrating successful coarse-to-fine registration. The output brains appear slightly “rotated” relative to standard AC-PC orientation due to some mean component of the initial random transforms.
Figure 8: The mean localization errors across all 32 subjects for atlas-guided and subject MRI-guided DOI as a function of cortical position. The gray color indicates no assigned value due to a sparsity of simulated activations in those areas.
Figure 8: The mean localization errors across all 32 subjects for atlas-guided and subject MRI-guided DOI as a function of cortical position. The gray color indicates no assigned value due to a sparsity of simulated activations in those areas.
Figure 2: ROIs used for extraction of anterior, as well as posterior limbs of the internal capsule (the pink fiber bundle demonstrates the fronto-thalamic fibers passing through the anterior limb of the internal capsule)
Figure 2: ROIs used for extraction of anterior, as well as posterior limbs of the internal capsule (the pink fiber bundle demonstrates the fronto-thalamic fibers passing through the anterior limb of the internal capsule)
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